The journal and the letters of Etty Hillesum, a young Jewish woman who died in Auschwitz in 1943, are known in France through a translation of a partial edition, a kind of anthology published in the early 80s.This text therefore comes to us through a "double filter": one of the edition that follows only partly the original, and one of the translation that wants to do justice to the moral and religious bearing of the text, sometimes to the detriment of the spontaneity and the hesitations of an intimate journal. In the perspective of a new French translation, to appear in 2005, that is to take into account the whole of Hillesum's writings, the translator examines with the help of some examples the tension that exists between two aims of the translation: the presentation of a literary text and that of a personal historical document.

The purpose of this paper is to root out the philosophical, and not strictly linguistical, issues of translating philosophy. Translating has been constantly present in the history of philosophy, but according to two modes of operation corresponding to two historical periods. First, the ancient scheme in which translating does not involve the kernel of philosophical speculation (idea of a pure gnosis irrespective of its expression in language); second, the modern scheme in which translation borders philosophy and alters philosophy's own self-consciousness ("philological state"). Thence follows the requirement of thinking anew an interaction between philosophy and translation where translating takes an active part in the act of philosophy itself, which, as interrogative thinking, elaborates a style of its own; so that there is a continuous link between "internal" translation (connection of thought with expression) and "external" translation (crossing from one language to another ).

The aim of the present article is to describe the profession of conference interpreting from its beginnings, its organization within an International Association 50 years ago, as well as its membership conditions. The article goes on to describe how the profession has developed over the years, from the beginnings of consecutive interpretation at the League of Nations to the introduction of simultaneous interpretation at the Nürnberg Trials at the end of the nineteen-forties. A second part concerns the teaching of conference interpreting, and the present conditions of practice of the profession. It concludes with a description of multilingualism in the European Institutions and the present and future role of the conference interpreter on the eve of the enlargement of the European Union to 10 new member countries.

CIUTI, an association of universities training interpreters and translators, aims at taking into account the changing needs of the market as far as language communication is concerned for which the fundamental theoretical and academic knowledge is a must. In order to know about market needs, the actors of the market must be in touch with the academics. Thus, the objective of this first Forum was to ask the following questions: What are the market needs today ? What will be the profile of translators and interpreters in the future ? What training should the trainers have ?