Past issues

2012-1Langue parlée : norme et variations
(Oral language: norm and variations)
Click the book to abstract!This issue has been put on line in its integrality on the Cairn portal: Cairn.info
  • Présentation. Langue parlée : norme et variations
    (Presentation. Oral language: norm and variations)
  • Julien EYCHENNE & Bernard LAKS (Groningue, Pays-Bas / Paris Ouest)
    Le programme Phonologie du français contemporain : bilan et perspectives
    (The Phonology of Contemporary French program: results and perspective)
    pp. 7-24

    This paper offers an overview of the work that has been done within the Phonologie du français contemporain : usages, variétés, structure (PFC) research programme. We first critically assess the relation between phonological research and data. We then move on to describe PFC's methodology and the coding schemes that have been devised for the analysis of schwa and liaison. We finish off by showing how the PFC programme makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the phonology of French, by widening the scope and breadth of empirical descriptions and by offering new insights into theoretical problems such as the analysis of liaison or the role of usage frequency in grammar.


  • Jacques DURAND & Anne PRZEWOZNY (Toulouse)
    La phonologie de l’'anglais contemporain : usages, variétés et structure
    (Phonology of Contemporary English: usage, varieties and structures)
    pp. 25-37

    The PAC project (The Phonology of Contemporary English: usage, varieties, structure) aims at giving a better picture of spoken English in its unity and its geographical, social and stylistic diversity. Based on Labovian methods, the project seeks to describe both rhotic and non rhotic accents of English, from traditional standards to more recent postcolonial varieties. This large corpus enables researchers to analyse and compare intervarietal features such as rhoticity as well as more specific phenomena such as vocalic length in Australian English or variable rhoticity in New Zealand English. Today LVTI, a collaborative project aiming at an interdisciplinary sociolinguistic survey of great urban centres such as Manchester and Toulouse is being set up following the PAC/PFC classical protocol.


  • Françoise GADET, Ralph LUDWIG, Lorenza MONDADA, Stefan PFÄNDER & Anne-Catherine SIMON (Paris Ouest / Halle, Allemagne / Bâle, Suisse / Fribourg, Allemagne / Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique)
    Un grand corpus de français parlé : le CIEL-F. Choix épistémologiques et réalisations empiriques
    (A large corpus of spoken French : CIEL-F. Epistemological choices and empirical outcome)
    pp. 39-54

    This article presents the structure of the Corpus International Ecologique de la Langue Française, an extensive corpus of spoken French that will soon be available on the Internet, from both an epistemological and empirical perspective. Explanations are given with regard to the ideas that guided the data collection (ecological approach, comparability of the different areas of the Francophonie and communication situations) and to the choices made ("communicative spaces" and "activity types") with a view to relevant analyses in various research fields (variation, interaction, multimodality, French in contact, oral syntax) and an attempt is made to fill existing gaps in the current corpus. The article further addresses the issue of building up a network of experts, problems that had to be solved during fieldwork in the different areas and questions concerning standardisation, archiving and publication of the collected data (audio and video recordings, transcriptions, metadata), whereupon several examples are presented for comparative analyses.


  • Hélène BLONDEAU (Floride, Etats-Unis)
    Hors de LA norme point de salut ? La piste montréalaise de la variation des hypothétiques en si
    (No salvation outside THE norm ? The Montreal study of variations in hypothetical si-clauses)
    pp. 55-66

    Through the panel study of twelve Montrealers from 1971 to 1995, this article examines the variation between the conditional and the imperfect morphology in hypothetical si-clauses. The two variants, well in place in the spoken French implicit norms system, are in opposition when given values in the normative debate. The analysis indicates the influence of the distance and the event potentiality. Due to vacillations in usage frequency according to the year, the study cannot confirm the hypothesis of a change in favor of the conditional morphology. This case study documents the individual variation across the lifespan and its connection to community change.


  • Juana GIL FERNÁNDEZ (Madrid, Espagne)
    L'’enseignement de la prononciation : rapport entre théorie et pratique
    (The teaching of pronunciation: the widening gap between fundamental research and classroom practice)
    pp. 67-80

    In recent times, in the academic field related to the training of L2 pronunciation teachers, the already existing gap between fundamental research and the application of its results in the classroom has widened. In some degree, this has been a consequence of that training being focused on methodological aspects more than on the intrinsic knowledge of the subject to be taught. In this article, on the basis of two concrete examples, the need for keeping pronunciation teachers permanently informed about the findings of the basic research in phonetics / phonology is defended as a means to achieve a very fruitful interaction between the two sides, theoretical ad applied, of the discipline.


  • Sylvain DETEY & Isabelle RACINE (Tokyo, Japon / Genève, Suisse)
    Les apprenants de français face aux normes de prononciation : quelle(s) entrée(s) pour quelle(s) sortie(s) ?
    (Learners of French and pronunciation norms in the FL : what input do we need to reach what results)
    pp. 81-96

    In the field of French language education, the developments of corpus linguistics have spurred a reassessment of the importance of pedagogical norms and linguistic variation in teaching curricula. In this article, we focus on the phonetic-phonological dimension of the teaching/learning process and, after a short glance at pronunciation models in French, we examine the impact of sociolinguistic descriptions of varieties of French on pronunciation education. Referring to the notions of 'errors' and 'accents' among non-native speakers, we point out the need for broad and systematic corpus-based studies, comparable with native databases. Finally, we introduce the InterPhonologie du français contemporain project and look at the notion of non-native norms, both from theoretical and applied perspectives.


  • Philippe BOULA DE MAREÜIL, Albert RILLIARD & Alexandre ALLAUZEN (Paris Sud)
    Variation diachronique dans la prosodie du style journalistique : le cas de l'accent initial
    (Diachronic variation in the prosody of French news announcer speech: changes in word initial accent)
    pp. 97-111

    This study addresses prosodic evolution in the French news announcer style, based on acoustic analysis of French audiovisual archives. A 10-hour corpus covering six decades of broadcast news is investigated automatically, focusing on word-initial stress, which may give an impression of emphatic style. Objective measurements suggest that the following features have decreased since the forties: mean pitch, pitch rise associated with initial stress, and vowel duration characterising an emphatic initial stress. The onsets of stressed initial syllables have become longer while speech rate (measured at the phonemic level) has not changed. This puzzling outcome raises interesting questions for research on French prosody, suggesting that the durational correlates of word-initial stress have changed over time, in the French news announcer style.


  • Martine ADDA-DECKER, Cécile FOUGERON, Cédric GENDROT, Lori LAMEL & Elisabeth DELAIS-ROUSSARIE (Paris)
    La liaison dans la parole spontanée familière : une étude sur grand corpus
    (French ‘liaison’ in casually spoken French, as investigated in a large corpus of casual French speech)
    pp. 113-128

    In this paper, the realisation of the French Liaison is investigated in a large corpus of casual speech. Considering that casual speech gives rise to a large range of pronunciation variants and that overall temporal reduction increases, one may hypothesize that French liaison tends to be less productive in this speaking style. We made use of automatic processing such as automatic speech alignments to evaluate when liaison is realized in the NCCFr corpus. Realized liaisons were examined and measured for the most frequent liaison consonants (/z/, /n/ and /t/) as a function of a liaison sites classified as mandatory, optional or forbidden. The relation between speech rate and liaison realization is also examined.


Book reviews
  • Einführung in die Phonetik und Phonologie des Französischen, de E. Pustka
    par M. Grüter
    pp. 129-131
  • Cent ans de français cadien en Louisiane : étude sociolinguistique du parler des femmes, de C. Salmon
    par J. Humbley
    pp. 131-132
  • Le français en contact. Hommages à Raymond Mougeon, de F. Martineau, T. Nadasdi (éds)
    par E. Guérin
    pp. 133-135
  • Rédiger un texte académique en français, de S. Garnier & A. Savage
    par A. Chambers
    pp. 135-136
  • Le français et son orthographe, de D. Luzzati
    par C. Martinez
    pp. 136-137
  • La traduction trilingue. Traduire du français, vers l'anglais et l'espagnol, de J. Humbley & O. Torres Vera
    par M. Boisseau
    pp. 137-138
  • Histoire épistémologie langage, vol. 33-1, Linguistique appliquée et disciplinarisation, de A. Linn, D. Candel, J. Léon (dir.)
    par J. Humbley
    pp. 138-141
  • Linguística aplicada: um caminho com diferentes acessos, de R. Celi Pereira, P. Roca (éds)
    par N. Thamin
    pp. 141-142
  • Textile Terminologies in the ancient Near East and Mediterranean from the third to the first millennia BC, de C. Michel, M. Nosch (éds)
    par B. Hamma
    pp. 142-143